From AP via Yahoo News:
US poverty on track to rise to highest since 1960s
The ranks of America's poor are on track to climb to levels unseen in nearly half a century, erasing gains from the war on poverty in the 1960s amid a weak economy and fraying government safety net.
Census figures for 2011 will be released this fall in the critical weeks ahead of the November elections.The Associated Press surveyed more than a dozen economists, think tanks and academics, both nonpartisan and those with known liberal or conservative leanings, and found a broad consensus: The official poverty rate will rise from 15.1 percent in 2010, climbing as high as 15.7 percent. Several predicted a more modest gain, but even a 0.1 percentage point increase would put poverty at the highest level since 1965.
Great Society and War On Poverty my ass.
Poverty
is spreading at record levels across many groups, from underemployed
workers and suburban families to the poorest poor. More discouraged
workers are giving up on the job market, leaving them vulnerable as unemployment
aid begins to run out. Suburbs are seeing increases in poverty,
including in such political battlegrounds as Colorado, Florida and
Nevada, where voters are coping with a new norm of living hand to mouth.
"I
grew up going to Hawaii every summer. Now I'm here, applying for
assistance because it's hard to make ends meet. It's very hard to
adjust," said Laura Fritz,
27, of Wheat Ridge, Colo., describing her slide from rich to poor as
she filled out aid forms at a county center. Since 2000, large swaths of
Jefferson County just outside Denver have seen poverty nearly double.
Fritz
says she grew up wealthy in the Denver suburb of Highlands Ranch, but
fortunes turned after her parents lost a significant amount of money in
the housing bust. Stuck in a half-million dollar house, her parents
began living off food stamps and Fritz's college money evaporated. She tried joining the Army but was injured during basic training.
In an
election year dominated by discussion of the middle class, Fritz's case
highlights a dim reality for the growing group in poverty. Millions
could fall through the cracks as government aid from unemployment
insurance, Medicaid, welfare and food stamps diminishes.
He pointed to the recent recession but also longer-term changes in the economy such as globalization, automation, outsourcing, immigration, and less unionization that have pushed median household income lower. Even after strong economic growth in the 1990s, poverty never fell below a 1973 low of 11.1 percent. That low point came after President Lyndon Johnson's war on poverty, launched in 1964, that created Medicaid, Medicare and other social welfare programs.
"I'm reluctant to say that we've gone back to where we were in the 1960s. The programs we enacted make a big difference. The problem is that the tidal wave of low-wage jobs is dragging us down and the wage problem is not going to go away anytime soon," Edelman said.
Stacey Mazer of the National Association of State Budget Officers said states will be watching for poverty increases when figures are released in September as they make decisions about the Medicaid expansion. Most states generally assume poverty levels will hold mostly steady and they will hesitate if the findings show otherwise. "It's a constant tension in the budget," she said.
The predictions for 2011 are based on separate AP interviews, supplemented with research on suburban poverty from Alan Berube of the Brookings Institution and an analysis of federal spending by the Congressional Research Service and Elise Gould of the Economic Policy Institute.
The analysts' estimates suggest that some 47 million people in the U.S., or 1 in 6, were poor last year. An increase of one-tenth of a percentage point to 15.2 percent would tie the 1983 rate, the highest since 1965. The highest level on record was 22.4 percent in 1959, when the government began calculating poverty figures.
Poverty is closely tied to joblessness. While the unemployment rate
improved from 9.6 percent in 2010 to 8.9 percent in 2011, the
employment-population ratio remained largely unchanged, meaning many
discouraged workers simply stopped looking for work. Food stamp rolls,
another indicator of poverty, also grew.
Demographers also say:
—Poverty
will remain above the pre-recession level of 12.5 percent for many more
years. Several predicted that peak poverty levels — 15 percent to 16
percent — will last at least until 2014, due to expiring unemployment benefits, a jobless rate persistently above 6 percent and weak wage growth.
—Part-time or underemployed workers, who saw a record 15 percent poverty in 2010, will rise to a new high.
—Poverty among people 65 and older will remain at historically low levels, buoyed by Social Security cash payments.
—Child poverty will increase from its 22 percent level in 2010.
That's Obamics for recovery, kiddies.
Analysts also believe that the poorest poor, defined as those at 50 percent or less of the poverty level, will remain near its peak level of 6.7 percent.
Szymanski, who moved from Wisconsin in 2000, said he used to make a decent living of more than $40,000 a year but now doesn't work enough hours to qualify for union health care. He changed apartments several months ago and sold his aging 2001 Chrysler Sebring in April to pay expenses.
"You keep thinking it's going to turn around. But I'm stuck," he said.
The
2010 poverty level was $22,314 for a family of four, and $11,139 for an
individual, based on an official government calculation that includes
only cash income, before tax deductions. It excludes capital gains or
accumulated wealth, such as home ownership, as well as noncash aid such
as food stamps and tax credits, which were expanded substantially under President Barack Obama's stimulus package.
An
additional 9 million people in 2010 would have been counted above the
poverty line if food stamps and tax credits were taken into account.
Brilliant! Benito's slaves don't count.
Robert
Rector, a senior research fellow at the conservative Heritage
Foundation, believes the social safety net has worked and it is now time
to cut back. He worries that advocates may use a rising poverty rate to
justify additional spending on the poor, when in fact, he says, many
live in decent-size homes, drive cars and own wide-screen TVs.
"The poor in America have trucks, comrade".
A
new census measure accounts for noncash aid, but that supplemental
poverty figure isn't expected to be released until after the November
election. Since that measure is relatively new, the official rate
remains the best gauge of year-to-year changes in poverty dating back to
1959.
Few people advocate
cuts in anti-poverty programs. Roughly 79 percent of Americans think the
gap between rich and poor has grown in the past two decades, according
to a Public Religion Research Institute/RNS Religion News survey from
November 2011. The same poll found that about 67 percent oppose "cutting
federal funding for social programs that help the poor" to help reduce
the budget deficit.
Outside of
Medicaid, federal spending on major low-income assistance programs such
as food stamps, disability aid and tax credits have been mostly flat at
roughly 1.5 percent of the gross domestic product from 1975 to the
1990s. Spending spiked higher to 2.3 percent of GDP after Obama's
stimulus program in 2009 temporarily expanded unemployment insurance and
tax credits for the poor.
The
U.S. safety net may soon offer little comfort to people such as Jose
Gorrin, 52, who lives in the western Miami suburb of Hialeah Gardens.
Arriving from Cuba in 1980, he was able to earn a decent living as a
plumber for years, providing for his children and ex-wife. But things
turned sour in 2007 and in the past two years he has barely worked,
surviving on the occasional odd job.
His unemployment aid has run out, and he's too young to draw Social Security.
Holding
a paper bag of still-warm bread he'd just bought for lunch, Gorrin said
he hasn't decided whom he'll vote for in November, expressing little
confidence the presidential candidates can solve the nation's economic
problems. "They all promise to help when they're candidates," Gorrin
said, adding, "I hope things turn around. I already left Cuba. I don't
know where else I can go."
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